利用JUnit和Spring-test对SpringJDBC组件DAO层测试

借着学习Druid连接池的机会，使用的Spring，将知识点联系起来，简单写了一个利用JUnit和Spring-test对SpringJDBC组件DAO层测试的Demo，分类归在Spring中吧。

SpringJDBC组件是Spring提供的一个对底层JDBC的封装，扩展了更多更方便的接口，方便我们对数据库的操作。

Demo利用Maven构建，pom.xml文件配置如下（Tomcat、Jetty等暂时不需要，懒得删...）

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.zhangpl.demo</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>war</packaging><name>druid</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><!-- 如果依赖的version，使用${druid-version}，则需要定义properties属性 --><druid-version>1.0.2</druid-version></properties><dependencies><!-- druid --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>${druid-version}</version><!-- <version>0.2.8</version> --></dependency><!-- Servlet、JSP --><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><version>2.4</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId><artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId><version>2.0</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><!-- Junit --><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.9</version></dependency><!-- Mysql --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>5.1.9</version></dependency><!-- commons-logging --><dependency><groupId>commons-logging</groupId><artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId><version>1.2</version><type>pom</type></dependency><!-- Spring-test --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- Spring相关 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><configuration><source>1.6</source><target>1.6</target></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId><artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>8.1.15.v20140411</version><configuration><scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.codehaus.cargo</groupId><artifactId>cargo-maven2-plugin</artifactId><version>1.4.8</version><configuration><container><containerId>tomcat7x</containerId><home>E:\SoftwareDevelopment\Software\apache-tomcat\apache-tomcat-7.0.47-windows-x64\apache-tomcat-7.0.47</home></container><configuration><type>standalone</type><home>${project.build.directory}/tomcat7x</home><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><cargo.servlet.URIEncoding>UTF-8</cargo.servlet.URIEncoding><cargo.jvmargs>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8</cargo.jvmargs></properties></configuration></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>

然后，数据库中建表users，字段很简单，对应下面的实体类User.java

/**
 * @author zhangpl
 * E-mail:xingsan.zhang@gmail.com
 * 2014年8月24日  下午11:34:27
 */
public class User {
	private int id;
	private String username;
	private String password;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	
}

下面是Spring的配置文件applicationContext.cml，注意：

1.连接池使用的是Druid，可不与理会；

2.使用Spring提供的注解；

3.扫描属性文件的配置；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"><!-- 注解配置 --><context:component-scan base-package="com.zhangpl.demo" /><!-- 扫描属性文件 --><context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:db.properties" /><bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
		init-method="init" destroy-method="close"><!-- 基本属性 url、user、password --><property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /><property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" /><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /><!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 --><property name="initialSize" value="1" /><property name="minIdle" value="1" /><property name="maxActive" value="20" /><!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 --><property name="maxWait" value="60000" /><!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 --><property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" /><!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 --><property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" /><property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'" /><property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" /><property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" /><property name="testOnReturn" value="false" /><!-- 打开PSCache，并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小 --><property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="false" /><property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"
			value="20" /><!-- 配置监控统计拦截的filters --><property name="filters" value="stat" /></bean><bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"><property name="dataSource"><ref bean="dataSource" /></property></bean></beans>

UserDAO.java

/**
 * @author zhangpl
 * @E-mail xingsan.zhang@gmail.com
 * @Date   2014年8月24日  下午11:30:13
 */
@Repository
public class UserDAO {

	@Resource
	private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
	
	/**
	 * 查询
	 * Edited by zhangpl
	 * @return List<Map<String,Object>>
	 */
	public List<Map<String,Object>> getUser(){
		List<Map<String ,Object>> userList = this.jdbcTemplate.queryForList("select *from users");
		return userList;
	}
	/**
	 * 添加
	 * Edited by zhangpl
	 * @param user
	 * @return int
	 */
	public int saveUser(User user){
		int flag = this.jdbcTemplate.update("insert into users(username,password) values ('"+user.getUsername()+"','"+user.getPassword()+"') ");
		return flag;
	}
	/**
	 * 删除
	 * Edited by zhangpl
	 * @param id
	 * @return int
	 */
	public int deleteUser(int id){
		int flag = this.jdbcTemplate.update("delete from users where id = "+id);
		return flag;
	}
	/**
	 * 修改
	 * Edited by zhangpl
	 * @param user
	 * @return int
	 */
	public int updateUser(User user){
		int flag = this.jdbcTemplate.update("update users set username='"+user.getUsername()+"',password='"+user.getPassword()+"' where id="+user.getId());
		return flag;
	}

	
}

建立测试类UserDAOTest.java

/**
 * @author zhangpl
 * @E-mail xingsan.zhang@gmail.com
 * @Date   2014年8月28日  下午10:56:58
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath*:applicationContext.xml"})
public class UserDAOTest {
	@Resource
	UserDAO userDAO;
	@Test
	public void testGetUser() throws Exception {
		List list = userDAO.getUser();
		System.out.println(list);
	}
	@Test
	public void testSaveUser() throws Exception {
		User user = new User();
		user.setUsername("zhangsan");
		user.setPassword("123456");
		int flag = userDAO.saveUser(user);
		if(flag>0){
			System.out.println("添加成功！");
		}else{
			System.out.println("添加失败");
		}
	}
	@Test
	public void testUpdateUser() throws Exception {
		User user = new User();
		user.setId(2);
		user.setUsername("zhangxingsan");
		user.setPassword("654321");
		int flag = userDAO.updateUser(user);
		if(flag>0){
			System.out.println("修改成功！");
		}else{
			System.out.println("修改失败！");
		}
	}
	@Test
	public void testDeleteUser() throws Exception {
		int flag = userDAO.deleteUser(2);
		if(flag>0){
			System.out.println("删除成功！");
		}else{
			System.out.println("删除失败！");
		}
	}
}

测试类中需要注意的地方：

@RunWith：指定单元测试执行类，这里就指定的是SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class；

@ContextConfiguration：指定Spring的配置文件；

记下来是对知识点的一个小结，有不当的地方，欢迎批评指正。